Review Article | volume 2 (2024) | Published in 2024-06-19
Expression of PD-1 Receptor on T Cells in Acute and Chronic Brucellosis in Jordan: Implications for Immune Exhaustion and Disease Progression.
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Abstract
Brucellosis is a chronic infectious disease with high prevalence and considerable impact on public health. It disrupts immune regulation and alters the activity of immune cells, particularly T lymphocytes. This study aimed to investigate the expression of PD-1 on T cell surfaces in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis in Jordan, exploring its role as a potential marker for guiding therapeutic strategies. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving patients diagnosed with brucellosis. Blood samples were collected and cases were classified based on disease stage (acute or chronic). Flow cytometry was used to measure PD-1 expression on T cells. Statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences in expression levels between groups and to explore associations with clinical and cellular parameters. Results demonstrated that PD-1 expression was significantly elevated in chronic cases compared to acute ones, reflecting immune stress and suppression of T cell function associated with disease progression. Moreover, PD-1 expression showed strong correlations with markers of cellular immune suppression, duration of infection, and severity of clinical manifestations. These findings suggest that PD-1 expression may serve as a valuable tool for assessing disease progression and highlight its potential in the development of targeted therapies aimed at enhancing immune response.
Keywords: PD1, T Cells, Chronic Brucellosis, Immune Exhaustion,
Disease Progression.
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Article history_en
Received : May 26, 2024
Revised : May 27, 2024
Accepted : Jun 14, 2024
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Authors Affiliations_en
MAZEN IBRAHIM KHAWALDEH
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Ethics declarations_en
Acknowledgment None Author Contribution All authors contributed equally to the main contributor to this paper. All authors read and approved the final paper. Conflicts of Interest “The authors declare no conflict of interest.” Funding “This research received no external funding”
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