Ibn Sina Journal of Medical Science, Health & Pharmacy

Abstract

A chronic infectious illness with a high prevalence and a major influence on public health is brucellosis. It results in immunological diseases and changes how immune cells, particularly T cells, function. As a potential indicator to direct treatment approaches, the purpose of this study was to assess the expression of PD-1 on the surface of T cells in patients with acute and chronic brucellosis in Jordan and examine its relationship to immune stress mechanisms and disease progression. A sample of brucellosis patients was included in the descriptive cross-sectional study design. The participants' blood samples were taken, and the disease stage (acute or chronic) was used to categorize their cases. Using flow cytometry, PD-1 expression on T cells was assessed. To test theories about variations in expression between cases and the connection between expression and other clinical and cellular factors, the data were statistically examined. According to the findings, PD-1 expression on T cells was significantly higher in chronic cases than in acute ones, indicating a state of immunological stress and T cell function suppression linked to the advancement of the disease. Additionally, analyses revealed a strong association with various markers of cellular immune suppression and a favorable relationship between expression levels, infection duration, and clinical symptoms. Measuring PD-1 expression can therefore be used to evaluate the development of the disease and provide information on the possibility of targeted therapy that improves the immune system's response.
Keywords: Pd-1; T Cells; Brucella; Immune Stress

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Article history_en

Received : Nov 15, 2024

Revised : Nov 18, 2024

Accepted : Dec 09, 2024

Authors Affiliations_en

OMAR HUSSIEN FATAFTEH

Ethics declarations_en

Acknowledgment	None
Author Contribution	All authors contributed equally to the main contributor to this paper. All authors read and approved the final paper.
Conflicts of Interest	“The authors declare no conflict of interest.”
Funding	“This research received no external funding”